How solar energy is converted into electrical energy?

How solar energy is converted into electrical energy?
There are two main ways in which solar energy can be converted into electricity: solar power generation (also known as solar photovoltaic power generation) and solar thermal power generation (also known as solar thermal power generation). Solar photovoltaic power generation is a method of generating electricity that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. It includes four forms: photovoltaic power generation, photochemical power generation, photo induced power generation, and photobiological power generation. We will now focus on understanding how common rooftop photovoltaic modules convert energy into electricity.



The device for solar power generation is a solar cell, and connecting the solar cells together is called a photovoltaic module or solar cell module. The direct conversion method of light to electricity utilizes the photoelectric effect to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. A solar cell is a device that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, it converts the solar energy into electrical energy, generating current. When many batteries are connected in series or parallel, they can become a solar cell array with relatively high output power. Solar cells are a promising new type of power source with three major advantages: permanence, cleanliness, and flexibility. Solar cells have a long lifespan. As long as the sun exists, solar cells can be invested in and used for a long time; Compared to thermal power generation, solar cells do not cause environmental pollution.

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