The Battery Management System (BMS) is a real-time monitoring system composed of electronic circuit devices, which effectively monitors battery voltage, battery current, battery cluster insulation status, battery SOC, battery module and individual status (voltage, current, temperature, SOC, etc.), manages the safety of battery cluster charging and discharging processes, alarms and emergency protection for possible faults, and optimizes the operation of battery modules and clusters to ensure safe, reliable, and stable operation of batteries.
In lithium battery systems, BMS needs to monitor and diagnose battery pack data in order to dynamically manage the battery, and upload this data to the controller for the selection and implementation of control strategies, achieving efficient utilization of electricity, maintaining good battery performance, and extending the battery's cycle life. Generally speaking, BMS needs to achieve nine major functions, including voltage and current detection of individual batteries, power calculation, and balance management.
Why do lithium batteries need to be equipped with a Battery Management System (BMS)? Can it be connected to the circuit for power supply like the commonly used dry battery? In actual energy storage projects, this is not the case. Batteries are not constant and can be said to be unstable during use. On the one hand, as the battery continues to charge and discharge, some battery cells often become overcharged or discharged. When a large number of batteries are connected in series or parallel in a circuit for self charging and discharging, long-term unbalanced charging and discharging can seriously affect the normal use and lifespan of the battery, and even cause thermal runaway and fire and explosion accidents. So it is necessary to effectively control batteries and detect their condition in real time, which is the important significance of the battery management system BMS.
The battery management system is the core component of the battery system, which adopts a three-level safety architecture (first level slave control BMU, second level master control BCMU, and third level master control BSMU), responsible for data monitoring, balance control, SOC estimation, fault warning, big data analysis and prediction of each individual battery. The battery management system independently developed by Ke Lie has more than ten years of technical accumulation and application experience, all of which adopt vehicle level functional safety design standards, with high reliability. It can provide real-time, comprehensive, and accurate battery performance data, and achieve data communication and control with PCS or EMS through CAN or RS485 interfaces.
