Lithium is the lightest metal element and is prone to losing electrons, thus possessing innate advantages. Lithium ranks third, with a smaller atomic mass than sodium, which ranks 11th. At the same volume or mass, the energy density of lithium ions is 1.8 times higher than that of sodium ions.
2. Lithium ion batteries have a longer lifespan.
Sodium ions, due to their larger atomic mass and radius than lithium ions, have a greater difficulty in embedding and withdrawing during the reaction process, which can easily lead to structural changes in sodium ions, resulting in a shorter cycle life. In contrast, after years of development, lithium-ion batteries have a maximum charge discharge cycle life of over 2000-3000 times.
3. Sodium ion batteries are safer.
Sodium ion batteries have an ultra wide operating temperature range of -40 ℃ -80 ℃, making them less prone to thermal runaway even at high temperatures. Due to the high internal resistance of lithium-ion batteries, the short-circuit current and instantaneous heat generation of sodium ion batteries are smaller, making them less prone to fire or spontaneous combustion.
4. Sodium ion batteries have lower costs.
Sodium ion batteries have abundant reserves of raw material resources and low prices. Due to the characteristics of sodium materials, the cost of sodium ion batteries in the manufacturing process can be significantly reduced. At present, the raw material prices of lithium batteries are still relatively high, but due to technical difficulties, the cost advantage of sodium ion batteries currently only exists in theory.
5. Sodium ion batteries have more development prospects.
Lithium ion batteries have encountered development bottlenecks and it is difficult to make significant breakthroughs in technology. In contrast, the development of sodium ion batteries has just begun. With more enterprises entering the field of sodium ion batteries, it is believed that the problems of short lifespan and low energy density of sodium ion batteries will be solved in the future.
